| A Brief History of the Middle East After World War II; Iran, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Egypt, Israel, and Cyprus had all become Middle Eastern states. The conflicts between the Arabs and the Jews in Palestine ended in 1947 with the United Nations plan to partition Palestine. The Arab leaders rejected this plan. In May 1948, officially creating the state of Israel. In the 1948 Arab-Israeli war; Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia got involved and were defeated by Israel. Palestinians fled from the areas annexed and became refugees in the neighboring countries. Two-thirds of the Jews who were expelled or fled from the Arab lands after 1948 were naturalized by the State of Israel. A modern-day problem with the Middle East is the terrorist organization, al-Qaida, formed by Osama Bin Laden after fighting against the soviets in Afghanistan. |
The United States' Impact in Iraq
The War in Iraq officially started in 2002 when president George W. Bush gave the order in invade. However, it started for most Americans on September 11, 2001 when al-Qaida attacked the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. Bush's reasons for starting the war was 1. to flush out the al-Qaida fugitives hiding in Iraq and 2. the United States recieved word of WMD's in Iraq.
The United States began the war by completely tearing down the Iraqi government and killing their leader Saddam Hussein (fun fact: Barack Obama's middle name is Hussein). Hussein was found hiding in bunker and killed directly followed by the dismantling of his statue and his reign that he had worked so hard to attain. Since then, the U.S. has been bringing the Iraqi government up from rock bottom while fending off the opposing rebels. Democracy has been formed in Iraq and while the economy and stabilization are not exactly the best, they have come far e3nough for Obama to pull the troops out. So after 11 years of war, the deaths of Saddam Hussein and Osama Bin Laden, and the devastation of two economies, the United States feels that they have completed their task in Iraq.
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Terrorism in the Middle East.pptx Size : 2714.707 Kb Type : pptx |
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Middle East Current Events.pptx Size : 1384.403 Kb Type : pptx |
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Arab Revolution.docx Size : 12.815 Kb Type : docx |
Israel was founded in May 1948 to be a place for the Jews to live in after the holocaust. In November 1947, the United Nations General Assembly voted to split Israel between a Jewish and an Arab state, with Jerusalem under an international regime which is the partition plan. The Jews agreed but the Arabs did not. The Balfour Declaration was established in 1917 said that a "national home for the Jewish people" would be founded in Israel, while preserving the "civil and religious" rights of non-Jewish communities there. The UN decided on the partition plan because they wanted a safe haven for all the Jews who survived the Holocaust. The Arabs did not want to share land with anybody else and they were making a big deal about it. Their resentment was not justified because the Jews had nowhere to go after a devistation amongst their religion. October War- In October 1973, Egypt and Syria teamed up and launched coordinated attacks on Israel in the Sinai and Golan Heights. This was the war that the United States was the most involved in because there was a treat of national security and an energy crisis. The war is another blow from the Sinai Campaign between Egypt and Israel. When Egypt and Syria attacked, Israel was taken completely by surprise because they had nothing and had not prepared for war at all. Six Day War- The six day war was mainly a run off of the wars before it. Egypt was the main attacker; they wanted to expel United Nations troops from the Sinai Peninsula and block Israel’s port of Elita. In addition to all of that, Arab forces threatened to destroy Israel. Egypt put most of their troops on its border with Israel and began a naval blockade of Israel’s southern port. After about three days of intense fighting, Israel defeated the Jordanians and gained control of all Jerusalem. On the fifth day of the war Israel defeated the Syrians by blowing out their air force which was enough force to take them out and bring an end to the war the next day.
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At the Munich Olympics, Palestinian terrorist broke into the Olympic village and killed two people from the Israeli team and took nine hostages. In a small battle, all nine hostages were killed with the terrorists and one policemen. Adolf Hitler wanted the games to be in Germany so he can show off his superior race to the world and escalate his Nazi regime. From 1977-1979 Israel and Egypt signed a peace agreement to end a 30 year war. The Palestinians were not happy with the agreement and they did not agree with it. The PLO was created and led by Yassir Arafat in order to give a voice to Palestinians living in refugee camps in Lebanon. By 1976 they decided that their main goal was to destroy the State of Israel. The OSLO Accord occurred in 1993 and was an attempt to resolve the Israel-Palestinian conflict. It called for a five year conditional period where Israel forces would withdraw from occupied territories and Palestinian authority would be set up. Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin signed the agreement. Peace Agreements: The Egypt-Israel peace agreement was signed in 1979. The treaty was signed by the Egyptain president, the Israeli Prime Minister, and by United States President Jimmy Carter. There was also a peace agreement between Israel and Palestine in 1976 that also led to agreements between the two nations. PLO: The PLO is the Palestine Liberation Organization. It was formed to independently fight for Palestinian people. The Palestinians did not have a home so the PLO was formed to get back the land Israel took from them. It was also formed because of their mistrust of the other Arab nations protecting them. Oslo Accords: The Oslo Accord was an attempt in 1993 to resolve the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It was the first face-to-face agreement between the government of Israel and the Palestinian Liberatino Organization, the PLO. Negotiations of the agreement were conducted secretly in Oslo, Norway, hosted by the Fafo Institute. |
